Finder & File Management

Navigate, organize, and find everything on your Mac

1. Meet Finder

Finder is the Mac equivalent of Windows File Explorer. Its icon is the smiley face that lives permanently in your Dock. Finder is always running — you cannot quit it. If you ever feel lost, click that smiley face to get back to your files.

Why is it always running?

Finder manages your entire desktop, your file system, and connected drives. Closing all Finder windows does not close Finder — it keeps working in the background. Click the Dock icon anytime to open a new window.

Title Bar Toolbar Sidebar Main Content
Documents
🔍 Search
📂
Projects
📂
Reports
📂
Training
📂
Archive
📄
Notes.docx
📊
Budget.xlsx
📄
Memo.pdf
🎨
Photo.jpg
Title Bar — window controls + folder name
Toolbar — navigation, views, search
Sidebar — favorites & locations
Main Area — your files & folders

2. Your Important Folders

macOS organizes your files into standard folders. Here is what each one is for and what it maps to from Windows:

🖥
Desktop
Files on your screen background. Quick access for active work.
Windows: Desktop
📄
Documents
Main storage for organized work files and sub-folders.
Windows: My Documents
⬇️
Downloads
Everything from browsers, email, and Teams lands here.
Windows: Downloads
🚀
Applications
All installed apps. Use Spotlight to open them instead.
Windows: Program Files
🏠
Home (~)
Your personal root folder. Contains Desktop, Documents, etc.
Windows: C:\Users\YourName
☁️
OneDrive
Cloud-synced work files. Save important docs here for backup.
Windows: OneDrive folder

Best Practice for Mercury Work

Save important work files in your OneDrive folder. They automatically sync to the cloud and are accessible from any device — even if your Mac needs to be replaced.

3. File Operations

The everyday tasks you will do most. The key shortcuts and visual flows:

Copy a File

📄
Select file
+C
Copy
📂
Go to destination
+V
Paste copy
📄📄
Original + Copy

Move a File (Different from Windows!)

📄
Select file
+C
Copy
📂
Go to destination
++V
Move paste
📄
File moved!
The Option (⌥) key is what makes it a Move instead of a Copy

Why is Move different on Mac?

On Windows, you use Ctrl+X to cut a file, then Ctrl+V to paste it. Mac does not have "cut" for files. Instead, you always start with +C (copy), then add the Option key when pasting: ++V. This is the single most common trip-up for Windows users switching to Mac.

Delete a File

📄
Select file
+Delete
Send to Trash
🗑
In Trash (recoverable)

Other Essential Operations

ActionShortcutNote
New folder+Shift+NCreates folder in current location
RenameSelect file, press ReturnDo NOT double-click — that opens the file
Get Info+ILike right-click > Properties on Windows
Empty Trash+Shift+DeletePermanently deletes trashed files
Select all+ASelects every item in the current folder

4. Finding Files Fast

Spotlight — Your Best Friend on Mac

Press +Space and a search bar appears in the center of your screen. Type the name of anything — files, folders, apps, contacts — and results appear instantly.

Think of Spotlight as a search engine for your entire computer. It is almost always the fastest way to find or open anything. But it does more than search:

  • Launch apps — type "Outlook" and hit Return
  • Math — type "235 * 1.08" to get the answer
  • Conversions — type "100 USD to EUR"
  • Definitions — type any word to get its meaning

Finder Search is the other option. Press +F in any Finder window, or click the search bar in the toolbar. This lets you search within a specific folder rather than your whole Mac.

5. Quick Look — A Mac Superpower

Select any file in Finder and press Spacebar. A full preview instantly appears — no app needs to open. This works with PDFs, images, Word docs, Excel files, videos, and more. Press Spacebar (or Esc) again to close it.

📄
Select a file
Space Bar
Press Spacebar
Instant
Preview!
Full preview appears

Why Quick Look is worth remembering

Need to check which version of a document is the right one? Select it and hit Spacebar — much faster than waiting for Word or Excel to open. You can also use arrow keys to Quick Look through multiple files in a row.

6. Try It Now

Put what you have learned into practice. Check off each task as you complete it:

Hands-On Exercises
0 of 5 complete

7. Knowledge Check

Click each card to reveal the answer:

📁 Where do browser downloads go?
The Downloads folder. Find it in the Finder sidebar, or press ⌘+Space and type "Downloads."
⌨ How do you rename a file on Mac?
Select the file and press Return. Do NOT double-click — that opens it.
🔍 What is the fastest way to find any file?
Spotlight — press ⌘+Space and start typing. It searches your entire Mac instantly.
📂 How do you move (not copy) a file?
⌘+C to copy, then ⌘+Option+V to move-paste. The Option key makes it a move.